[deepin exploration] Running Commands with Root Privileges Without Entering a Password
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deepin小助手
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2024-07-11 15:56
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Typically, to run commands with root privileges, you can use sudo and pkexec.
To skip the password entry step, you need to configure them separately.
sudo can manage users uniformly, while pkexec can be configured for each command, and it supports graphical interface authorization.
Configuring sudo
You can edit the sudo configuration file using the command sudo visudo.
Add the following line at the end of the file:
maicss ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
Make sure to add it at the end (after the %sudo line), otherwise it won't be effective.
After saving, the user maicss will not be prompted for a password when using sudo.
Configuring pkexec
The policy files for pkexec are stored in /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/. To modify the policy for a specific program, you need to add a policy file (you can copy an existing one and modify it).
Setting the Prompt Message
(Here, I am demonstrating on Fedora, using the dnf command as an example. You can configure and modify it according to your needs.)
To set the prompt message for the dnf command, create a new configuration file named org.maicss.dnf.policy. The name should ideally match the corresponding program ID, but you can name it anything, as long as it has a .policy extension.
中文 
deepin 
Typically, to run commands with root privileges, you can use
sudoandpkexec.To skip the password entry step, you need to configure them separately.
sudocan manage users uniformly, whilepkexeccan be configured for each command, and it supports graphical interface authorization.Configuring sudo
You can edit the sudo configuration file using the command
sudo visudo.Add the following line at the end of the file:
maicss ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALLMake sure to add it at the end (after the
%sudoline), otherwise it won't be effective.After saving, the user
maicsswill not be prompted for a password when usingsudo.Configuring pkexec
The policy files for
pkexecare stored in/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/. To modify the policy for a specific program, you need to add a policy file (you can copy an existing one and modify it).Setting the Prompt Message
(Here, I am demonstrating on Fedora, using the
dnfcommand as an example. You can configure and modify it according to your needs.)To set the prompt message for the
dnfcommand, create a new configuration file namedorg.maicss.dnf.policy. The name should ideally match the corresponding program ID, but you can name it anything, as long as it has a.policyextension."">http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/PolicyKit/1/policyconfig.dtd">Dnf Package Managerx-package-repository要使用包管理器需要root权限要使用dnf命令进行包管理需要获得root权限auth_adminauth_adminauth_admin/usr/bin/dnftrueExplanation of some important lines:
whereiscommand to find the path if it's a command.Setting No Password Requirement
To set it so that no password is required, modify lines 11-13 in the code above to
yes, as shown below:"">http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/PolicyKit/1/policyconfig.dtd">Dnf Package Managerx-package-repository要使用包管理器需要root权限要使用dnf命令进行包管理需要获得root权限yesyesyes/usr/bin/dnftrueNow, using the command
pkexec dnf updatewill not prompt for a password and will run directly.