如何手动安装NVIDIA驱动软件- Community

如何手动安装NVIDIA驱动软件

Experiences and Insight 3.1w views · 134 replies ·

deepinuser17

deepin

2019-11-21 22:04

Author

本帖最后由 deepinuser17 于 2020-4-17 04:29 编辑

如果深度自带的图形驱动管理器(大黄蜂)不能转换到闭源的NVIDIA驱动软件．可以按以下方法自己手动安装．

注: 这个方法已经在深度Deepin 15.11, Deepin 20 Beta, UOS 20上测试成功安装。请先完全阅读所有步骤再开始安装。

注: 这个方法只适用于可以查到N卡的机器．

注: 闭源的NVIDIA驱动软件版本有几个系列，440, 390, 340, 304. 根据显卡的型号和发行日期，选择最新的系列版本．如果某系列不支持现有显卡，安装时会有提示．从最新的版本开始试．对于几年前的机器，可以试390, 再老的机器，试340. 下载时，同时下载440, 390, 340系列的版本，这样可以节省时间．

注: 闭源的NVIDIA驱动也会有bug．有时一个版本一切正常，下一个新版本可能会出现黑屏，无法启动X window的问题．遇到这种情况，退回到以前的版本就可以解决问题了．如果有更新的版本，也可以尝试更新的版本．

注：有些机器有双显卡，Intel内置显卡和NVIDIA独立显卡。在这种机器上，系统初始设置的显卡是内置Intel显卡。需要手动转换换到NVIDIA独显。具体步骤见链接：
https://bbs.deepin.org/post/178542##=1
https://bbs.deepin.org/post/191810#

快捷方法
1. 查看机器是否有NVIDIA显卡．如果命令的结果里没有NVIDIA字样，那么机器目前没有N卡可使用，无需继续尝试剩余步骤．

lspci | egrep "VGA|3D"

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样本结果:

01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK107M [GeForce GT 750M Edition] (rev a1)

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2. 从www.nvidia.com下载NVIDIA驱动软件包,一般浏览器会存在~/Downloads文件夹里．然后把NVIDIA驱动软件包拷贝到/var/tmp文件夹里
3. 下载附件，install_nvidia.sh.tar.gz
4. 打开深度终端，运行以下命令:

cd ~/Downloads
tar zxf install_nvidia.sh.tar.gz
chmod +x install_nvidia.sh
sudo ./install_nvidia.sh

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例如，驱动文件包NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-440.36.run的版本号是440.36, 样本命令:

cd ~/Downloads
tar zxf install_nvidia.sh.tar.gz
chmod +x install_nvidia.sh
sudo ./install_nvidia.sh 440.36

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注: 这个命令会执行详细方法里步骤安装N卡驱动．在这个过程中，机器暂时会进入文本状态，机器会重启两次．

详细方法
1. 查看机器是否有NVIDIA显卡．如果命令的结果里没有NVIDIA字样，那么机器目前没有N卡可使用，无需继续尝试剩余步骤．　

lspci | egrep "VGA|3D"

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样本结果:

01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK107M [GeForce GT 750M Edition] (rev a1)

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2. 从www.nvidia.com下载NVIDIA驱动软件包,一般浏览器会存在~/Downloads文件夹里．

3. 安装编译所需要的软件

sudo apt -y install linux-headers-amd64 linux-headers-deepin-amd64 gcc make dkms

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4. 停用初始开源的驱动器nouveau
检查机器是否使用nouveau驱动器:

$ lsmod | grep nouveau
nouveau 1720320 9
mxm_wmi 16384 1 nouveau
wmi 24576 2 mxm_wmi,nouveau
i2c_algo_bit 16384 2 nvidiafb,nouveau
ttm 102400 1 nouveau
drm_kms_helper 172032 1 nouveau
drm 397312 12 nouveau,ttm,drm_kms_helper
video 45056 2 apple_gmux,nouveau

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先创建一个文件，/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf, 包含以下两行:

blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0

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更新kernel initramfs文件:

sudo cp /boot/initrd.img-$(uname -r){,.with_nouveau}
sudo update-initramfs -u

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设定机器启动时进入文本模式, 然后重启机器．

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user
sudo shutdown -r now

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5. 安装闭源的NVIDIA驱动
机器启动以后，在文本模式下登录．确认nouveau驱动没有被加载:

$ lsmod | grep nouveau

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然后运行下列命令，安装NVIDIA驱动 (NVIDIA驱动版本要视显卡而定, 注意使用合适的版本)

cd ~/Downloads
sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-440.31.run

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在提示时，选: 1. 使用DKMS方法 2. 选32位版本支持 3. 选安装libglvnd文件．最后一项选no．见下面的截图．

6. 设置机器启动时进入图形模式，并重启机器．

sudo systemctl set-default graphical
sudo shutdown -r now

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重启后，检核NVIDIA驱动．打开深度终端，运行nvidia-smi命令．样本结果:

$ nvidia-smi
Thu Nov 21 13:29:45 2019
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 440.31 Driver Version: 440.31 CUDA Version: 10.2 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce GT 750M Off | 00000000:01:00.0 N/A | N/A |
| N/A 69C P0 N/A / N/A | 191MiB / 1999MiB | N/A Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: GPU Memory |
| GPU PID Type Process name Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 Not Supported |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

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...6 / 7

mahuan

deepin

2020-04-18 20:08

#101

ghs19812004 发表于 2020-4-7 14:20
应该是同样明白你说的意思了！完成后驱动的序号好却又不对，我安装的是340.08的。不知道它为什么会显示39 ...

楼主下面有个几十kb的附件你下载了吗？从你的截图终端返回来看，你的好像第二步就错了！我的2060都装好了！还有不换你装的哪个版本的闭源驱动，系统显卡管理器里的版本号都是不变的，不是跟随你安装的版本号来变化的

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mahuan

deepin

2020-04-18 20:10

#102

yingshuang 发表于 2020-4-16 19:43
确定是安装完成了吗？进入桌面后显卡还是没有任何进程使用？？
是不是少了关键的设置，这个安装包谁都能装 ...

确实，有很多人只是安装上了驱动，但是系统把驱动却没有加载！太小白的容易被忽略

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deepinuser17

deepin

2020-04-18 20:27

#103

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
确定是安装完成了吗？进入桌面后显卡还是没有任何进程使用？？
是不是少了关键的设置，这个安装包谁都能装 ...

如果你的机器有Intel内置显卡，加NVIDIA独立显卡，你需要手动调节到使用NVIDIA独立显卡。本贴的开头，有如何切换到NVIDIA独立显卡的链接。

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Haydn

deepin

2020-04-18 21:11

#104

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
楼主下面有个几十kb的附件你下载了吗？从你的截图终端返回来看，你的好像第二步就错了！我的2060都装好了 ...

谢谢，不能正常使用，后来就把它干掉了。现在换成V20，好像不用再单独去显卡驱动了！

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houyawei

deepin

2020-04-18 21:13

#105

v20好像直接sudo apt install nvidia-driver就安装了

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mahuan

deepin

2020-04-18 21:38

#106

houyawei 发表于 2020-4-18 13:13
v20好像直接sudo apt install nvidia-driver就安装了

没有测试过，按版主方法装的，如果像你的这么简单就能安装那真是太棒了

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Haydn

deepin

2020-04-18 23:39

#107

本帖最后由 ghs19812004 于 2020-4-18 15:45 编辑

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
v20好像直接sudo apt install nvidia-driver就安装了

确实可以行，一下子安装了59个安装包。

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Haydn

deepin

2020-04-19 00:16

#108

测试完了，不兼容，只能卸载了。安装的时候提示是安装了59个包，卸载时提示只卸掉了44个。

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renghaoa

deepin

2020-04-22 06:52

#109

安装完成后重启卡在这个界面进不了桌面。之前15.11也是手动安装成功的的，这次方法没变。

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deepinuser17

deepin

2020-04-22 07:13

#110

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
安装完成后重启卡在这个界面进不了桌面。之前15.11也是手动安装成功的的，这次方法没变。 ...

按Ctrl + Alt + F3键组合，转换到文本终端。登录。然后查看/var/log/Xorg.0.log文件。这个文件里有出错信息。你的机器有几个显卡？发一下"lspci | egrep "VGA|3D""的结果上来

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aj74aguk

deepin

2020-04-23 05:47

#111

兄弟们，求救。
完全按照剧本安装的，nvidia-smi能用了，但是Nvidia X Server Settings就是打不开，点了没反映。GPU 使用率一直是0, nvidia-settings也如图所示，没法打开。我也不知道自己的电脑显示现在是用什么来驱动的，头疼，折腾了好久了。

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aj74aguk

deepin

2020-04-23 06:54

#112

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
v20好像直接sudo apt install nvidia-driver就安装了

即便是这样，安装完成了，重启计算机，还是没有nvidia-smi

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deepinuser17

deepin

2020-04-23 08:11

#113

本帖最后由 deepinuser17 于 2020-4-23 00:15 编辑

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
兄弟们，求救。
完全按照剧本安装的，nvidia-smi能用了，但是Nvidia X Server Settings就是打不开，点了没 ...

你的机器有双显卡。内置显卡Intel 520目前为系统初始设置。参见本帖开头提供的链接手动转换到NVIDIA独立显卡．

每个显卡都有对应的PCI bus ID. 系统使用的显卡的PCI bus ID会在/var/log/Xorg.0.log里记录．

运行以下命令可以确认：

lspci | egrep "VGA|3D"
grep PCI /var/log/Xorg.0.log

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renghaoa

deepin

2020-04-23 09:23

#114

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
按Ctrl + Alt + F3键组合，转换到文本终端。登录。然后查看/var/log/Xorg.0.log文件。这个文件里有出 ...

[ 26.635]
X.Org X Server 1.20.4
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 26.635] Build Operating System: Linux 4.19.0-6-amd64 x86_64 Uos
[ 26.635] Current Operating System: Linux reng-PC 5.3.0-3-amd64 #1 SMP deepin 5.3.15-6apricot (2020-04-13) x86_64
[ 26.635] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-5.3.0-3-amd64 root=UUID=51e31a6a-28e0-432b-8b9b-943573add4da ro splash quiet DEEPIN_GFXMODE=
[ 26.635] Build Date: 12 January 2020  01:39:33PM
[ 26.635] xorg-server 2:1.20.4.2-1+deepin (https://www.debian.org/support)
[ 26.635] Current version of pixman: 0.36.0
[ 26.635] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 26.635] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 26.635] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Wed Apr 22 23:15:24 2020
[ 26.748] (==) Using config directory: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 26.748] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 26.830] (==) No Layout section.  Using the first Screen section.
[ 26.830] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
[ 26.830] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
[ 26.830] (**) | |-->Monitor ""
[ 26.885] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
Using a default monitor configuration.
[ 26.885] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 26.885] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 26.885] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 26.885] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
[ 26.982] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 26.982] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 27.210] (==) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/:unscaled,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/:unscaled,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi,
built-ins
[ 27.210] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 27.210] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[ 27.210] (II) Loader magic: 0x55e36bd83e20
[ 27.210] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 27.210] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 27.211] X.Org Video Driver: 24.0
[ 27.211] X.Org XInput driver : 24.1
[ 27.211] X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
[ 27.212] (++) using VT number 1

[ 27.212] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration
[ 27.212] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 27.216] (--) PCI:*(1@0:0:0) 10de:06ef:103c:7010 rev 161, Mem @ 0xd2000000/16777216, 0xc0000000/268435456, 0xd0000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x00006000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[ 27.216] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 27.294] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 30.232] (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation"
[ 30.232] compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0
[ 30.232] Module class: X.Org Server Extension
[ 30.239] (II) NVIDIA GLX Module  340.108  Wed Dec 11 14:26:50 PST 2019
[ 30.574] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 30.574] (==) Matched nv as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 30.574] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 30.574] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 30.574] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 30.575] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 30.575] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 30.575] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 30.597] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.597] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 1.0.16
[ 30.597] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 30.597] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.597] (II) LoadModule: "nv"
[ 30.598] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nv
[ 30.598] (EE) Failed to load module "nv" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 30.598] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 30.598] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[ 30.599] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.599] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 1.20.4
[ 30.599] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 30.599] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.599] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 30.599] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 30.610] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.610] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 0.5.0
[ 30.610] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 30.610] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.610] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 30.611] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 30.611] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.611] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 2.4.0
[ 30.611] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 30.611] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.611] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date: Mon Jan 28 23:25:58 2019 -0500
[ 30.611] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families :
[ 30.611] RIVA TNT          (NV04)
[ 30.611] RIVA TNT2          (NV05)
[ 30.611] GeForce 256       (NV10)
[ 30.611] GeForce 2          (NV11, NV15)
[ 30.612] GeForce 4MX       (NV17, NV18)
[ 30.612] GeForce 3          (NV20)
[ 30.612] GeForce 4Ti       (NV25, NV28)
[ 30.612] GeForce FX       (NV3x)
[ 30.612] GeForce 6          (NV4x)
[ 30.612] GeForce 7          (G7x)
[ 30.612] GeForce 8          (G8x)
[ 30.612] GeForce 9          (G9x)
[ 30.612] GeForce GTX 2xx/3xx (GT2xx)
[ 30.612] GeForce GTX 4xx/5xx (GFxxx)
[ 30.612] GeForce GTX 6xx/7xx (GKxxx)
[ 30.612] GeForce GTX 9xx    (GMxxx)
[ 30.612] GeForce GTX 10xx (GPxxx)
[ 30.612] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[ 30.612] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[ 30.612] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[ 30.614] (EE) [drm] Failed to open DRM device for (null): -22
[ 30.614] (EE) [drm] Failed to open DRM device for pci:0000:01:00.0: -22
[ 30.614] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[ 30.614] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 30.614] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 30.614] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 30.615] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.615] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 0.0.2
[ 30.615] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.615] (EE) Unable to find a valid framebuffer device
[ 30.615] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[ 30.615] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 30.615] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 30.615] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 30.615] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.615] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 0.0.2
[ 30.615] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0
[ 30.615] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 30.615] vesa: Ignoring device with a bound kernel driver
[ 30.615] (EE) [drm] Failed to open DRM device for (null): -22
[ 30.615] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 30.615] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 30.615] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 30.615] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 30.615] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 30.615] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 30.615] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[ 30.615] (EE) Device(s) detected, but none match those in the config file.
[ 30.615] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 30.615] (EE) no screens found(EE)
[ 30.616] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
   at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 30.616] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 30.616] (EE)
[ 30.616] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.

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renghaoa

deepin

2020-04-23 09:24

#115

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
按Ctrl + Alt + F3键组合，转换到文本终端。登录。然后查看/var/log/Xorg.0.log文件。这个文件里有出 ...

显卡是英伟达G 103M，10年前的机器了，单显卡。

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houyawei

deepin

2020-04-23 16:42

#116

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
即便是这样，安装完成了，重启计算机，还是没有nvidia-smi

感觉beta显卡没啥大问题先别装显卡驱动，现在不自动安装显卡驱动管理器，说不定正式版有驱动管理中心之类的东西。

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stlswm

deepin

2020-04-23 18:12

#117

我就是看了你们的帖子已经装了几次系统了。

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deepinuser17

deepin

2020-04-23 20:39

#118

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
[ 26.635]
X.Org X Server 1.20.4
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0

你安装闭源驱动的过程有问题．闭源驱动没有完全安装成功．

根据日志，你的机器依然调用开源的nouveau驱动．

[ 30.575] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 30.575] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 30.597] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 30.597] compiled for 1.20.4, module version = 1.0.16
[ 30.597] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 30.597] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 24.0

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你必须禁用开源的nouveau驱动，更新iniramfs文件．本贴有详细的说明如何操作．请仔细阅读每一个步骤．不要跳过任何步骤．

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清爽

deepin

2020-04-24 07:01

#119

楼主你好，按照你的快捷方法重启后没变化，用详细方法一路都很顺利，开机后发现窗口特效没了，但有了NVIDIA的驱动管理软件，终端里也有了，但似乎没有工作，打开驱动管理软件是下图的样子，请问该怎么解决？谢谢

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deepinuser17

deepin

2020-04-24 14:08

#120

https://bbs.deepin.org/post/185547
楼主你好，按照你的快捷方法重启后没变化，用详细方法一路都很顺利，开机后发现窗口特效没了，但有了NVIDIA ...

见这两个链接：
https://bbs.deepin.org/post/178542
https://bbs.deepin.org/post/191810

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